The cohomology of canonical quotients of free groups and Lyndon words (Q1677375)

Summary: For a prime number \(p\) and a free profinite group \(S\), let \(S^{(n,p)}\) be the \(n\)th term of its lower \(p\)-central filtration, and \(S^{[n,p]}\) the corresponding quotient. Using tools from the combinatorics of words, we construct a canonical basis of the cohomology group \(H^2(S^{[n,p]}, \mathbb Z/p)\), which we call the Lyndon basis, and use it to obtain structural results on this group. We show a duality between the Lyndon basis and canonical generators of \(S^{(n,p)}/S^{(n+1,p)}\). We prove that the cohomology group satisfies shuffle relations, which for small values of \(n\) fully describe it.