Averaging of equations of viscoelasticity with singularly oscillating external forces (Q1679731)

The authors consider the nonautonomous viscoelasticity equation \[ \partial _{tt}u-\kappa (0)\Delta u-\int_{0}^{\infty }\kappa ^{\prime }(s)\Delta u(t-s)ds+f(u)=g^{\varepsilon }(t)=g_{0}(t)+\varepsilon^{-\rho }g_{1}(t/\varepsilon ), \] with \(\rho \in (0,1)\), posed in \(\Omega \times (\tau ,\infty )\) where \(\Omega \) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^{3}\) with smooth boundary \(\partial \Omega \). The homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition \(u=0\) is imposed on \(\partial \Omega \times (\tau ,\infty )\). The initial conditions \(u(\tau )=u_{\tau }\), \(\partial _{t}u(\tau )=v_{\tau }\) and \(u(\tau -s)=q_{\tau }(s)\) are imposed for given data \((u_{\tau },v_{\tau },q_{\tau })\). The function \(f\in C^{1}(\mathbb{R})\) satisfies \(f(0)=0\), \( \left| f^{\prime }(s)\right| \leq c(1+\left| u\right| ^{p-1}) \) and \(f(u)u\geq d_{0}\left| u\right| ^{p+1}-c\) for \(p\in [ 1,3)\). The kernel \(\mu (s)=-\kappa ^{\prime }(s)\) is supposed to be nonnegative, absolutely continuous, summable in \(\mathbb{R}^{+}\) with finite total mass \(\kappa _{0}=\int_{0}^{\infty }\mu (s)ds\in (0,1)\) and satisfies \( \mu ^{\prime }(s)+\delta \mu (s)\leq 0\). The authors introduce the operator \( A=-\Delta \) with domain \(\mathfrak{D}(A)=H_{0}^{1}(\Omega )\cap H^{2}(\Omega )\), the spaces \(H^{\sigma }=\mathfrak{D}(A^{\sigma /2})\) and \(\mathcal{H} ^{\sigma }=H^{\sigma +1}\times H^{\sigma }\times \mathcal{M}^{\sigma }\), with \(\mathcal{M}^{\sigma }=L_{\mu }^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{+};H^{\sigma +1})\) and the operator \(T=-\partial _{s}\) with domain \(\mathfrak{D}(T)=\{\eta \in \mathcal{M}:\partial _{s}\eta \in \mathcal{M}\), \(\eta (0)=0\}\). They write the above problem in an abstract formulation way \(\frac{d}{dt}U(t)=\mathbb{A} U(t)+\mathbb{F}_{\varepsilon }(U(t),t)\), \(U(\tau )=U_{\tau }\), where \( \mathbb{A}\) is the linear operator defined on \(\mathcal{H}\) through \(\mathbb{ A}(u,v,\eta )=(v,-A[u+\int_{0}^{\infty }\mu (s)\eta (s)ds],T\eta +v)\) and \( \mathbb{F}_{\varepsilon }(U,t)=(0,g^{\varepsilon }(t)-f(u),0)\). The authors quote from the paper by \textit{M. Grasselli} and the third author [in: Evolution equations, semigroups and functional analysis. In memory of Brunello Terreni. Containing papers of the conference, Milano, Italy, September 27-28, 2000. Basel: Birkhäuser. 155--178 (2002; Zbl 1039.34074)] the existence of a unique solution \(U\in C([\tau ,\infty );\mathcal{H})\) to the problem for every \(U_{\tau }\in \mathcal{H}\) and \(\varepsilon \in (0,1]\). The map \(S_{\varepsilon }(t,\tau ):\mathcal{H} \rightarrow \mathcal{H}\) defined as \(S_{\varepsilon }(t,\tau )U_{\tau }=U(t)\) is proved to be a continuous semigroup. Then the authors prove the existence of a uniform global attractor \(\mathcal{A}^{\varepsilon }\) to this problem and they describe its structure. The main result of the paper proves that this attractor converges as \(\varepsilon \) tends to 0 in the Hausdorff semidistance on \(\mathcal{H}\) to a set \(\mathcal{A}^{0}\) which is the uniform global attractor associated to the limit equation. \(\partial _{tt}u-\kappa (0)\Delta u-\int_{0}^{\infty }\kappa ^{\prime }(s)\Delta u(t-s)ds+f(u)=g_{0}(t)\). For the proof, the authors prove the uniform bound \(\sup_{\varepsilon }\left\| \mathcal{A}^{\varepsilon }\right\| _{ \mathcal{H}}<\infty \) and the estimate \(\left\| U_{\varepsilon }(t)-U_{0}(t)\right\| _{\mathcal{H}}\leq c\varepsilon ^{1-\rho }e^{c(t-\tau )}\) for every \(t\geq \tau \).