Positive polynomials on Riesz spaces (Q1683237)

The Kantorovich extension theorem states that, given Riesz spaces \(E\) and \(F\), an additive mapping \(T\) from the positive cone, \(E^+\), of \(E\) to the positive cone, \(F^+\), of \(F\) has a unique extension to a positive linear mapping from \(E\) into \(F\). This paper gives a polynomial version of this result. In order to state their result, the authors introduce the \(n^{th}\) difference, \(\Delta^n\), of a function \(f: E\to F\) by setting \(\Delta f(x;h)=f(x+h)-f(x)\) and recursively letting \(\Delta^{r+1}f(x;h_1,\dots,h_{r+1})=\Delta(\Delta^{r}f(x; h_1,\dots,h_{r}))(x;h_{r+1})\). The main result of the paper is that, if \(E\) and \(F\) are Riesz spaces with \(F\) Archimedean and \(f: E^+\to F^+\) is such that \(\Delta^{m+1}f(x;h,\dots,h)=0\) for all \(x,h\) in \(E^+\) and \(\Delta^{k}f(x;h_1, \dots,h_{k})\geq 0\) for all \(x,h_1,\dots,h_k\) in \(E^+\), \(1\leq k\leq m\), then \(f\) has a unique extension to a positive polynomial of degree at most \(m\) from \(E\) into \(F\).