Theories of the logos (Q1684066)

The initial thesis is that the characterization of logic as a theory of inference is a biased and restrictive one because there are valuable examples of ways of reasoning and arguing that do not reduce to pure inferences. Through twelve chapters, in an informal way, the author's basic philosophical viewpoints on the historical development of contemporary logic are presented. The discussion is started with the principles of analytic logic based on Aristotle's work, and Hegel's dialectical logic. Oceanic logic is introduced as a new concept, in order to include the views of great philosophers such as Anselm, Spinoza, Bergson and Heidegger, related to better understanding opposite predicates as different ways of looking at the same thing. Basic logical, philosophical and mathematical notions, including necessity, truth, negation and infinity, is discussed in the sequel. The form of extremely amusing dialogs between two members of the same school of thought, analytic, dialectical, oceanic and real, given trough the book, helps to better understand the concepts presented.