Greedy algorithm with gaps (Q1685952)

The aim of the present paper is to extend some results on greedy approximation algorithms to greedy algorithms allowing gaps in the approximating sequences. Let \(X\) be a Banach space and \((e_i,e^*_i)\in X\times X^*,\, i\in I,\) a biorthogonal system such that span\(\{e_i\}\) is dense in \(X\), span\(\{e^*_i\}\) is \(w^*\)-dense in \(X^*\) and \(\sup_i\max\{\|e_i\|,\|e^*_i\|\}<\infty\). For a finite subset \(A\) of \(I\) and \(x\in X\) put \(Ax=\sum_{i\in A}\langle e_i^*,x\rangle e_i\,.\) Let \( 0 < t\leq 1\). A set \(A\subset I\) is called \(t\)-greedy (greedy if \(t=1\)) for \(x\in X\) if \(\inf_{i\in A}|\langle e_i^*,x\rangle| \geq t\sup_{i\in I\setminus A}|\langle e_i^*,x\rangle|.\) A \(t\)-greedy projection of \(x\) is \(\mathbf{G}^t_m(x)=Ax\) where \(A\) is a \(t\)-greedy subset of \(I\) of cardinality \(m\). For a sequence \( \mathbf{n}=(n_1 < n_2 < \dots)\) of natural numbers one says that the system \((e_i)\) is \(\mathbf{n}\)-quasi-greedy with parameter \(t\) (\(\mathbf{n}\)-\(t\)-QG) if for every \(x\in X,\, \lim_k \mathbf{G}^t_{n_k}x=x\) for any choice of greedy projections \(\mathbf{G}^t_{n_k}\). If \(\mathbf{n}=\mathbb{N}\) one says that \((e_i)\) is \(t\)-quasi-greedy (quasi-greedy for \(t=1\)). The authors characterizes the \(\mathbf{n}\)-\(t\)-QG bases as those bases \(\{(e_i,e^*_i)\}\) for which there exists a constant \(C\geq 0\) such that for all \(x\in X\), \(\|\mathbf{G}^t_n(x)\|\leq C\|x\|\) for any \(n \in \mathbf{n}\) and any \(t\)-greedy projection \(\mathbf{G}^t_n\) (Theorem 2.1). He gives examples of \(\mathbf{n}\)-QG-bases which are not QG. He also shows that that any basis which is \(\mathbf{n}\)-QG with constant 1 must be 1-suppression unconditional (meaning that \(\|\sum_{i\in B}\alpha_i e_i\|\leq \|\sum_{i\in A}\alpha_i e_i\|,\) whenever \(B\subset A\) are finite subsets of \(\mathbb{N}\)), extending a result of \textit{F. Albiac} and \textit{J. L. Ansorena} [J. Approx. Theory 201, 7--12 (2016; Zbl 1335.46010)]. In Section 5, one shows that certain classical bases -- as the Haar basis in \(L_1\), the trigonometric basis in a weighted \(L_p\) space -- are not \(\mathbf{n}\)-QG, for any sequence \(\mathbf{n}\).