\(L^1\)-Dini conditions and limiting behavior of weak type estimates for singular integrals (Q1687699)

Let \(\Omega\) be a function on \(\mathbb{R}^n\backslash\{0\}\) satisfying the following conditions: for any \(\lambda\in(0,\infty)\) and \(x\in\mathbb{R}^n\backslash\{0\}\), \[ \Omega(\lambda x)=\Omega(x); \] \[ \int_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}\Omega(\theta)\,d\sigma(\theta)=0. \] Assume further that \(\Omega\) satisfies the \(L^1\)-Dini condition, namely, \(\Omega\in L^1(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})\) and \(\int_0^1\frac{\omega_1(\delta)}{\delta}\,d\delta<\infty\), where \(\omega_1\) denotes the \(L^1\) integral modulus of continuity of \(\Omega\). Let \(\mu\) be an absolutely continuous signed measure on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) with respect to the Lebesgue measure and \(|\mu|(\mathbb{R}^n)<\infty\). For any \(x\in\mathbb{R}^n\), define \[ T_\Omega \mu(x):=\text{ p. v. } \int_{\mathbb{R}^n}\frac{\Omega(x-y)}{|x-y|^n}\,d\mu(y). \] In this interesting article, the authors show that \[ \lim_{\lambda\to0^+}\lambda \mathrm{m}(\{x\in\mathbb{R}^n:\;|T_\Omega \mu(x)|>\lambda\})=\frac{1}{n}\|\Omega\|_{L^1(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})}|\mu(\mathbb{R}^n)|. \] This result essentially improves the known result by weaking the condition for \(\Omega\). Moreover, similar limiting behavior for the fractional integral operator with a homogeneous kernel was also obtained in this article.