Building blocks of polarized endomorphisms of normal projective varieties (Q1688633)

The paper under review investigates polarized endomorphism. Let \(X\) be a normal projective variety. An endomorphism \(f:X\to X\) is said to be \textit{polarized} if there is an ample Cartier divisor \(H\) such that \(f^*H\sim qH\) for some integer \(q>1\). As the first result, this paper proves that \(f\) is polarized if there is a big \(\mathbb{R}\)-Cartier divisor \(H\) such that \(f^*H\equiv qH\) for some rational number \(q>1\), or there is a big \(\mathbb{R}\)-divisor \(H\) such that \(f^*H\equiv_w qH\) for some rational number \(q>1\). This gives an equivalent definition of polarized endomorphism with weaker conditions. Secondly this paper proves that the polarized property descends via equivariant dominant rational map. Namely, assume that \(\pi:X\dashrightarrow Y\) is a dominant rational map and \(g:Y\to Y\) a endomorphism such that \(g\circ \pi=\pi\circ f\), then \(g\) is polarized providing that \(f\) is polarized. As a corollary, it is shown that a polarized endomorphism always descends to a polarized endomorphism on \(\text{Alb}(X)\) via the Albanese map. As another application, it is shown that a polarized endomorphism always descends via a special MRC fibration. Namely, assume that \(f\) is polarized, then there is a special MRC \(\pi:X\dashrightarrow Y\) in the sense of Nakayama and a endomorphism \(g\) on \(Y\) such that (1) \(g\circ \pi=\pi\circ f\) and \(g\) is polarized; (2) \(Y\) is Q-abelian; (3) the induced map from the normalization of the grap of \(\pi\) to \(Y\) is equidimensional with each fiber rationally connected; (4) \(\pi\) is a morphism if \(X\) is klt. Finally, it is shown that by running MMP equivariantly, we can reach either a Q-abelian variety or a Fano variety of Picard number one. Namely, if \(f\) is polarized and \(X\) is \(\mathbb{Q}\)-factorial klt, then after replacing \(f\) by a positive power, there exists a Q-abelian variety \(Y\), a morphism \(X\to Y\), and an \(f\)-equivariant relative MMP over \(Y\) \[ X=X_1\dashrightarrow \cdots\dashrightarrow X_i\dashrightarrow \cdots\dashrightarrow X_r= Y \] such that (1) if \(K_X\) is pseudo-effective, then \(X=Y\); (2) if \(K_{X}\) is not pseudo-effective, then for each \(i\), \(X_i\to Y\) is equidimensional with every fiber rationally connected and \(X_{r-1}\to X_r=Y\) is a Fano contraction. As a consequence, the building blocks of polarized endomorphism are those of a Q-abelian variety or a Fano variety of Picard number one.