Polarized endomorphisms of complex normal varieties (Q2267762)

The authors study thoroughly the structure of \(n\)-dimensional normal complex-projective varieties \(X\) with non-isomorphic regular morphisms \(f:X\rightarrow X\) which are polarized in the sense that \(f^*(H)\) is linear equivalent to \(qH\), \(q>0\), for some ample divisor \(H\) on \(X\). This implies \(f\) finite and surjective, \(q\in\mathbb N\), deg \(f=q^n\). The first main result describes the general structure of \(X\). There exists a normal projective variety \(V\) with a polarized endomorphism \(f_V\), a finite morphism \(\tau:V\rightarrow X\), étale in codimension one, and a dominant rational map \(\pi\) from \(V\) to a product \(A\times S\) of an abelian variety \(A\) (with a polarized endomorphism \(f_A\)) and a weak Calabi-Yau variety \(S\) (with a polarized endomorphism \(f_S\)) such that \(\tau\circ f_V=f\circ\tau\), \(\pi\circ f_V=(f_A\times f_S)\circ\pi\). Moreover the Kodaira dimension \(\kappa(X)\) is non-positive. The authors conjecture that \(\dim S=0\). If \(X\) is not uniruled then \(\pi\) is an isomorphism and \(\kappa(X)=0\). In the uniruled case the projection of the graph of \(\pi\) to \(A\times S\) is birationally equivalent to the maximal rationally connected fibration of a smooth model of \(V\). For a more detailed description of \(X\) the authors study the family \(\mathfrak{F}\) of all \((X',f',\tau)\) with \(X'\) a normal projective variety, \(f'\) an endomorphism of \(X'\), \(\tau: X'\rightarrow X\) a finite surjective morphism, étale of codimension one, with \(\tau\circ f'=f\circ\tau\). The structure of \(X\) is described in dependence of \(q^\natural(X,f)\) which is defined as \(\sup\{\dim H^1(X',{\mathcal{O}}_{X'})\,|\,(X',f',\tau)\in\mathfrak{F}\}\). There are specific results for \(q^\natural(X,f)\in\{0, n-1, n\}\) and for \(q^\natural(X,f)\geq n-3\). In particular, if \(q^\natural(X,f)=0\) and \(n\leq 3\) then \(X\) is rationally connected, and \(q^\natural(X,f)=n\) if and only if there is an abelian variety \(A\) and a finite surjective morphism \(A\rightarrow X\), étale in codimension one. \newline Some of the results in the paper are more generally shown for quasi-polarized endomorphisms (in the definition of ``polarized'' substitute ``ample'' by ``big and nef''). The authors use a broad spectrum of algebro-geometric methods and techniques for the proofs, in particular those from the minimal model program. There is a series of results about the structure of complex-projective manifolds which admit a non-isomorphic surjective regular morphism \(f:X\rightarrow X\), see e.g. \textit{E. Amerik} [Manuscr. Math. 111, No. 1, 17--28 (2003; Zbl 1016.14008)], \textit{N. Fakhruddin} [J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 18, No. 2, 109--122 (2003; Zbl 1053.14025)], \textit{Y. Fujimoto} and \textit{N. Nakayama} [J. Math. Kyoto Univ. 47, No. 1, 79--114 (2007; Zbl 1138.14023)], \textit{S. Cantat} [Enseign. Math., II. Sér. 49, No. 3--4, 237--262 (2003; Zbl 1059.32003)], \textit{J.-M. Hwang} and \textit{N. Mok} [J. Algebr. Geom. 12, No. 4, 627--651 (2003; Zbl 1038.14018)].