New characterizations of the Takagi function via functional equations (Q1689408)

The Takagi function is one of the most familiar and simplest examples for a continuous nowhere differentiable function. The main result of the paper places this function in the framework of functional equations, and reads as follows. If a bounded function \(f:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}\) is symmetric about \(1/2\) and satisfies the functional equation \[ f\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}f(x)+\frac{x}{2}\qquad\text{or}\qquad f\left(\frac{x+1}{2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}f(x)-\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{2}, \] then it is the Takagi function. Via this theorem, the author clarifies the role of these equations in a family of functional equations studied by \textit{H.-H. Kairies} in the works [Rocz. Nauk.-Dydakt., Pr. Mat. 15, 73--83 (1998; Zbl 1159.39308); Aequationes Math. 58, No. 1--2, 183--191 (1999; Zbl 0934.39012); Aequationes Math. 53, No. 3, 207--241 (1997; Zbl 0876.39004); Rad. Mat. 4, No. 2, 361--374 (1988; Zbl 0665.26003)]. Applications are also presented.