Vectorial Ekeland variational principle for systems of equilibrium problems and its applications (Q1700708)

The paper is concerned with equilibrium problems for countable families of vector bifunctions. Let \(p:X\times X\to[0,+\infty)\) be a function on a topological space \(X\), satisfying \((*)\;\;p(x,y)=0\iff x=y\). The topological space \(X\) is called sequentially lower \(p\)-complete if every sequence \((x_n)\) satisfying \(\sum_{k=1}^\infty p(x_k,x_{k+1})<\infty\) is convergent to some \(\bar x\in X\) and \(\liminf_{n\to\infty}p(x_n,x)\leq p(\bar x,x)\) for every \(x\in X\). The author considers a family \((X_i,\mathcal T_i)\), \(i\in\mathbb{N}\), of Hausdorff topological vector spaces such that each \(X_i\) is sequentially lower \(p_i\)-complete with respect to a mapping \(p_i:X_i\times X_i\to [0,+\infty)\) satisfying \((*)\). Also consider a family \(A_i\subset X_i\) of \(\tau_i\)-sequentially compact sets, where \(\tau_i\) is a Hausdorff topology on \(X_i\) weaker than \(\mathcal T_i\), and let the product \(A=\prod_{i\in\mathbb N}A_i\) be equipped with the product topology. Finally, let \((Y,D)\) be a Hausdorff locally convex space ordered by a closed convex cone \(D\) with nonempty interior. Then any family of bifunctions \(F_i:A\times A_i\to (Y,D)\), \(i\in\mathbb N\), satisfying some conditions (labeled F0--F4) admits an equilibrium point, i.e., there exists a point \(\bar x\in A\) such that \(F(\bar x,y_i)\notin -\text{int}(D)\) for all \(y_i\in A_i\) and all \(i\in\mathbb N\) (Theorem 4.1). The result holds for the particular case when \(X_i\) is a complete metric space for every \(i\in \mathbb N\). Using the fact that the weak\(^*\)-topology on the dual of a weakly compactly generated Banach space is angelic, the author extends the existence result to an arbitrary family of bifunctions \(F_i\), \(i\in I\), as above, where \(A_i\) is a \(\sigma(E_i^*,E_i)\)-closed subset of the dual \(E^*_i\) of a weakly compactly generated Banach space \(E_i\). These extend a lot of previous results, in particular those proved by \textit{B. Alleche} and \textit{V. D. Rădulescu} [Nonlinear Anal., Real World Appl. 23, 17--25 (2015; Zbl 1318.49011)], \textit{M. Bianchi} et al. [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 305, No. 2, 502--512 (2005; Zbl 1061.49005); Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl., Ser. A, Theory Methods 66, No. 7, 1454--1464 (2007; Zbl 1110.49007)]. The proofs are based on a general form of the Ekeland variational principle for equilibrium problems.