On the connectedness of the set of Riemann surfaces with real moduli (Q1702170)

Let \(\mathcal{M}_g\) be the moduli space of closed Riemann surfaces of genus \(g\geq 2\). The space \(\mathcal{M}_g\) admits an involution \(\sigma\) which maps each Riemann surface to its complex conjugate. The fixed point set \(\text{Fix}(\sigma)\) of \(\sigma\) consists of the closed Riemann surfaces admitting an anticonformal automorphism and includes \(\mathcal{M}_g(\mathbb{R})\), the set of real Riemann surfaces. The complement \(\text{Fix}(\sigma)\setminus\mathcal{M}_g(\mathbb{R})\) consists of the pseudo-real Riemann surfaces. It is known that \(\mathcal{M}_g(\mathbb{R})\) is connected while the connectedness of \(\text{Fix}(\sigma)\setminus\mathcal{M}_g(\mathbb{R})\) depends on the genus \(g\). In the paper under review, by constructing a real Riemann surface \(\hat{S}\) with an anticonformal automorphism \(\hat{\tau}\) which is topologically conjugate to a given pseudo-real Riemann surface \(S\) with an anticonformal automorphism \(\tau\), it is proved that \(\text{Fix}(\sigma)\) is connected.