F-signature function of quotient singularities (Q1714869)

Let \(k\) be a perfect algebraically closed field of characteristic \(p>0\), \(S=k[[x_1, \ldots, x_d]]\) and \(R=S^G\) be the ring of invariants of a finite group \(G \subseteq \mathrm{GL}(d,k)\) whose order is not divisible by \(p\) having no \((d-1)\)-pseudoreflections. In this nice paper, the authors investigate the \(F\)-signature function of such a ring \(R\) and the related functions \(\text{mult}(M_{\alpha}, R^{1/p^e})\) where \(M_{\alpha}\) are the irreducible submodules which appear in the direct sum decomposition of \(R^{1/p^e}\). Note that the \(F\)-signature functions is actually \(\text{mult}(M_{0}, R^{1/p^e})\). They prove that these functions are polynomials in \(p^e\) with coefficients in \(\mathbb{Q}\); moreover, the leading coefficient is \(\displaystyle\frac{\text{rank}(M_{\alpha})}{|G|}\), the coefficient of \((p^e)^{d-1}\) is identically 0 and in fact if \(G\) is a group with no \(c\)-pseudoreflections, then the coefficient of \((p^e)^c\) is also identically 0. They further investigate these functions when \(G\) is a cyclic group of order \(n\) with \(G\) generated by a diagonal matrix of the form \(\text{diag}(\lambda^{t_1}, \ldots, \lambda^{t_d})\) where \(\lambda\) is a primitive \(n\)-th root of unity in \(k\). In this setting there are precisely \(n\) irreducible representations. For each \(0 \leq \alpha \leq n-1\), define \[ \mathcal{A}^{(\alpha)}=\{(a_1, \ldots a_d) \in \mathbb{Z}^d | t_1a_1 +\cdots t_da_d \equiv \alpha \text{ mod } n\}. \] The authors give a nice geometric formula for the functions \(\text{mult}(M_{\alpha},R^{1/p^e})\) in this setting to be the cardinality of the lattice points of \(\mathcal{A}^{(\alpha)}\) inside the cube \([0,p^e-1]^d\). The authors illustrate their results computing the \(F\)-signature function for several rings including: the \(E_6\)-singularity, the \(A_{n-1}\)-singularities, and the 2- and 3-dimensional \(n\)-th Veronese rings.