Existence of isovolumetric \(\mathbb S^2\)-type stationary surfaces for capillarity functionals (Q1725562)

Capillarity functionals are parameter invariant functionals defined on classes of two-dimensional parametric surfaces in \(\mathbb R^3\) as the sum of the area integral and a non-homogeneous term of suitable form. In this paper, the authors consider the case of a class of non-homogenous terms vanishing at infinity for which the corresponding capillarity functional has no volume-constrained \(\mathbb S^2\)-type minimal surface. Based on a min-max argument and on degree theory, they prove existence of extremals characterized as saddle-type critical points.