Some results on the existence and multiplicity of Dirichlet type solutions for a singular equation coming from a Kepler problem on the sphere (Q1729167)
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English | Some results on the existence and multiplicity of Dirichlet type solutions for a singular equation coming from a Kepler problem on the sphere |
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Some results on the existence and multiplicity of Dirichlet type solutions for a singular equation coming from a Kepler problem on the sphere (English)
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27 February 2019
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This paper deals with the boundary value problem \[u''=\frac{h(t)}{\sin^2u},\quad t\in(0,T), \] \[\lim_{t\to0^+}u(t)=c_1,\quad\lim_{t\to T^-}u(t)=c_2, \] where \(h\in L([0,T], \mathbb{R})\), \(c_1,c_2\in[0,\pi]\) and \(T>0\). \par For the non-singular problem \((c_i\in(0,\pi), i=1,2)\) it is assumed that \[h(t)\geq0\; \text{for a. e.} \;t\in[0,T]\tag{1} \] and for a constant \(a\) one of the following holds: \(a\in(0,\frac{\pi}{2}]\) with \((\frac{2}{3})^3a\sin^2a\geq \frac{TH}{2}\), \(a\in[\frac{\pi}{2},\frac{3\pi]}{5}\) with \((\frac{2}{3})^3a^3(\frac{\sin a}{\pi-a})^2\geq \frac{TH}{2}\) or \(a\in[\frac{3\pi}{5},\pi)\) with \(\frac{2\pi}{5}\sin^2(\frac{3\pi}{5})\geq\frac{TH}{2}\), where \(H:=\int^T_0 h(s)ds\). Under these assumptions, for all \(c_i\in[a,\pi),i=1,2\), the authors establish the existence of at least one solution in \(AC^1((0,T),\mathbb{R})\). Besides, if \(c_i\in(a,\pi)\), \(i=1,2\), and there is a \(c\in(0,T)\) such that \[\lim_{x\to0^+}\int_x^{\min\{\frac{\pi}{2}, T-c\}}\frac{h(s+t_0)}{\sin^2s}ds=+\infty\;\text{for every}\;t_0\in[0,c],\tag{2} \] \[\lim_{x\to0^+}\int_x^{\min\{\frac{\pi}{2}, c\}}\frac{h(t_0-s)}{\sin^2s}ds=+\infty\;\text{for every}\;t_0\in[c,T],\tag{3} \] the non-singular boundary value problem has at least two solutions. \par The authors show also that the singular problem \((c_1=c_2=\pi)\) has at least one solution in \(AC^1((0,T),\mathbb{R})\) if (1) holds and \(\frac{5H}{4}\leq(\frac{\pi}{T})\sin^2(\frac{3\pi}{5})\) and that the solutions are at least two if in addition \(h\in L^{\infty}([0,T],\mathbb{R})\) and (2) and (3) are satisfied for some \(c\in(0,T)\).
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Kepler problem on \(\mathbb{S}^2\)
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singular differential equations
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Dirichlet solutions
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topological degree theory
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Leray-Schauder continuation theorem
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