Asymptotically hyperbolic 3-metric with Ricci flow foliation (Q1729818)

Inspired by [\textit{C.-Y. Lin}, Calc. Var. Partial Differ. Equ. 49, No. 3--4, 1309--1335 (2014; Zbl 1287.83011)], asymptotically hyperbolic 3-metrics with the Ricci flow foliation is constructed (Theorem 1, Theorem 8). The rigid case when the Hawking mass of the inner surface of the manifold agree with the total mass is also studied (Theorem 2) (cf. [\textit{C.-Y. Lin} and \textit{C. Sormani}, Ann. Henri Poincaré 17, No. 10, 2783--2800 (2016; Zbl 1351.83010)]). As the definition of asymptotically hyperbolic metric, the author uses: A manifold \((M^n,g)\) is called asymptotically hyperbolic, if outside of a compact set, \(M\) is diffeomorphic to the exterior of some geodesic sphere \(S_{r_0}\) in \(\mathbb{H}~n\), the standard hyperbolic space, and the metric component \(g_{ij}= g(\epsilon_i,\epsilon_j)\) satisfy \[ |g_{ij}-\delta_{ij}|=O(e^{-\tau r}),\;|\epsilon_k(g_{ij})|=O(e^{-\tau r}),\;|\epsilon_k(\epsilon_\ell(g_{ij})|=O(e^{-\tau r}) \] for some \(r>n/2\) (Definition 1). Let \((\Sigma,g)\) be a surface diffeomorphic to \(\mathbb{S}^2\) whose area is \(4\pi\). Modified Ricci flow [\textit{R. S. Hamilton}, Contemp. Math. 71, 237--262 (1988; Zbl 0663.53031)] is defined as the family \((\Sigma, g(t))\). On \(N=[1,\infty)\times\Sigma\), asymptotic hyperbolic metric \(\bar{g}\) is obtained as \(\bar{g}=u^2dt^2+t^2g(t)\). Here \(u\) is a solution of a quasilinear second order parabolic equation derived from the Gauss equations for each \((t)\times\Sigma\). Explicit form of this equation is computed in \S2, and prove the following global existence of solution of initial value problem (Key of this paper): {Theorem 6}. Assuming suitable regularity of \(\bar{R}\); \(\bar{R}\) is the scalar curvature of \(N\) with metric \(\bar{g}=\frac{u^2}{1+t^2}dt^2+t^2g(t)\), and finiteness of a certain constant \(K\) (given as (2.10)), then if \(\phi\) is suitably regular and \(0<\phi(x)<\frac{1}{\sqrt {K}}\), there exist a unique suitably regular solution with the initial condition \(u(1,\cdot)=\phi(\cdot)\) . Adopting Theorem 6, the following main theorem of this paper is proved (\S4): {Theorem 8}. Let \(\Sigma, g)\) and \(N\) are same as above, and \(\bar{R}\) satisfies \[ \bar{R}=-6+O(t^{-5})\geq -6. \] Then for any \(H\in C^\infty(\Sigma)\) with the condition \(H>2\sqrt{2K}\), there exists an asymptotically hyperbolic metric on \(N\) of the form \[ \bar{g}=\frac{u^2}{1+t^2}dt^2+t^2 g(t). \] Theorem 1 state this theorem in the case \(\bar{R}=-6\). In \S5, the last Section, after giving definitions of total mass \(\mathbf{M}(g)(V^{(0)})\), etc. (Definition 2), and Hawking mass \(\tilde{\mathbf{m}}_H(\Sigma)\) (Definition 3), the following theorem is proved: {Theorem 2}. Let \((\Sigma,g)\) be a surface diffeomorophic to \(\mathbb{S}^2\) with positive mean curvature (not necessary constant) and \(N=[1,\infty)\times \Sigma\) be an asymtpitcally hyperbolic extension obtained in Theorem 8. Then \(\tilde{\mathbf{m}}_H(\Sigma_t)\), \(\Sigma_t=\{t\}\times \Sigma\) is nondecreasing, and if \(\mathbf{M}(g)(V^{(0)})=\tilde{\mathbf{m}}_H(\Sigma)\), then \(\bar{R}=-6\) everywhere, \(\Sigma\) is isometric to the standard sphere, and \(N\) is rotationally symmetric. If \(\tilde{\mathbf{m}}_H(\Sigma)=0\), then \(N\) is isometric to as rotationally symmetric region in a hyperbolic space. If \(\tilde{\mathbf{m}}_H(\Sigma)=m>0\), then \(N\) is symmetric to a rotationally symmetric region in anti-de Sitter Schwarzschild space of mass \(m\).