Powers of ideals associated to \((C_{4},2K_{2})\)-free graphs (Q1730861)

Given a simple graph $G$, we define the polynomial ring $S=\mathfrak{k}[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ with $\mathfrak{k}$ a field and $V=\{x_1,\dots,x_n\}$ the vertex set of $G$. We denote by $I(G)$ the edge ideal of $G$, namely the monomial ideal generated in degree $2$ by all the products $x_ix_j$, where $x_i$, $x_j$ are two adjacent vertices of the given graph $G$. The complement graph of $G$ is a new graph $G^c$ with the same vertex set as $G$ and such that two vertices of $G^c$ are adjacent if and only if they are not so in $G$. A subset $C \subset V$ is called vertex cover of $G$ if any edge of $G$ contains an element of $C$. For each vertex cover $C$, we can define a squarefree monomial by multiplying its elements and the monomial ideal generated by these monomials is the Alexander dual of $I(G)$ (or vertex cover ideal of $G$), denoted by $I(G)^{\vee}$. We call $C_n$ a cycle of length $n$ in a graph and $2K_2$ the complement graph of a $C_4$. A gap-free graph is a $2K_2$-free graph. The graphs that are contemporarily $C_4$ and $2K_2$-free are called $(C_4,2K_2)$-free. In this paper, resolutions and regularity of powers of edge ideals are studied. In particular, the first question addresses comes from a previous work by \textit{E. Nevo} and \textit{I. Peeva} [J. Algebr. Comb. 37, No. 2, 243--248 (2013; Zbl 1274.13028)] and asks whether the powers $I(G)^s$ of the edge ideal of a gap-free graph $G$ have a linear resolution for any $s\gg 0$ or not. In this paper, once provided the additional hypothesis of $G^c$ being gap-free, a positive answer is given to Peeva-Nevo's question. Moreover, considered a $(C_4,2K_2)$-free graph $G$, it is shown that the powers of $I(G)^{\vee}$ are componentwise linear, also giving a formula for the regularity, relying on the maximum degree of the graph.