Forward attraction of pullback attractors and synchronizing behavior of gradient-like systems with nonautonomous perturbations (Q1733198)

The authors consider nonautonomous perturbations of the form \[ x_t+Ax=f(x)+\varepsilon h(t) \] of a gradient-like system in a Banach space, where \(A\) is a sectorial operator with compact resolvent. Under the assumption of the existence of an attractor \(\mathcal{A}\) for the autonomous system they prove that if the autonomous system is gradient-like in the basin of attraction of \(\mathcal{A}\) and the attractor \(\mathcal{A}\) contains a finite number of equilibria, then for \(\varepsilon\) sufficiently small the perturbed system \(\varphi_\varepsilon\) has a pullback attractor \(\mathcal{A}_\varepsilon=\{\mathcal{A}_\varepsilon(p)\}_{p\in \mathcal{H}}\) close to \(\mathcal{A}\) (Theorem~4.4). In addition, \(\mathcal{A}_\varepsilon(p)\) is continuous in the Hausdorff distance and \(\mathcal{A}_\varepsilon\) is also a forward attractor for \(\varphi_\varepsilon\) (Theorem~5.1). The authors present an application of these results to a concrete nonautonomous system (Example~5.1 and Theorem~5.2).