Best polynomial approximation on the triangle (Q1734617)

Best $L^2$-polynomial approximation on the weighted spaces on a triangle is studied. Let $ E_n (f) _ {\alpha , \beta , \gamma } $ denote the error of best approximation by polynomials of degree at most $ n $ in the space $ L^ 2 (\varpi_ {\alpha , \beta , \gamma }) $ on the triangle $\{(x, y): x, y\ge 0, x+ y\le 1\} $, where $\varpi_ {\alpha , \beta , \gamma }(x, y):= x^ \alpha y^ \beta (1-xy)^ \gamma $ for $ \alpha , \beta , \gamma >-1$. The main result gives a sharp estimate of $ E_n (f) _ {\alpha , \beta , \gamma } $ in terms of the error of best approximation for higher-order derivatives of f in appropriate Sobolev spaces. The result also leads to a characterization of $ E_n (f) _ {\alpha , \beta , \gamma } $ in terms of a weighted $K$-functional