Perturbation theory for almost-periodic potentials. I: One-dimensional case (Q1736258)

The paper studies the operator $-\frac{\mathrm{d}^2}{\mathrm{d}x^2}+\varepsilon V(x)$ in $\mathbb{R}$. $V$ is assumed to be real and either quasi-periodic (finite linear combination of trigonometric functions) or almost-periodic (this allows an infinite number of frequencies, for the precise definition see the paper). The authors are interested in the behaviour of this operator for small $\varepsilon$. The authors prove for the quasi-periodic and the infinitely smooth almost-periodic potential that for the frequency $\theta$ (which is in the support of the Fourier transform of $V$) there is a gap around $\theta$ in the spectrum of the considered operator and its endpoints have complete asymptotic expansion in natural powers of $\varepsilon$. They also give the expansion of the integrated density of states (IDS) in $\varepsilon$ for the quasi-periodic potential. Finally, they prove that for an infinitely smooth almost-periodic potential there is an uncountable super-resonance set of measure zero, for which there is no complete asymptotic expansion of IDS in $\varepsilon$.