On a notion of toric special linear systems (Q1739163)

Let $X_{\Sigma}$ be a complete toric variety over a field of characteristic zero, with associated fan $\Sigma\subseteq N\otimes_{\mathbb Z}{\mathbb Q}$, for a lattice $N$ and with acting torus $T$. The first result of the paper under review characterizes, in terms of the defining fan, the complete toric varieties $X_{\Sigma}$ that admit an automorphism which maps a $T$-invariant point of $X_{\Sigma}$ into the dense torus $T$. The author calls these points \textit{transitive on the torus} and the corresponding toric varieties are called \textit{quasi-transitive}. The first main result shows that these points correspond to smooth full-dimensional cones $\sigma\in\Sigma$ such that $\Sigma(1)\setminus \sigma(1)\subset -\sigma$, where $\Sigma(1)$ is the set of primitive generators of the $1$-dimensional cones in $\Sigma$. When this happens, the author calls these cones \textit{transitive on the torus}. \par For the second main result, fix a basis $\{e_1,\ldots,e_n\}$ of the lattice $N$ and assume that $X_{\Sigma}$ is a quasi-transitive toric variety. Without loss of generality it may be assumed that the cone $\sigma=\langle e_1,\ldots,e_n\rangle$ is in $\Sigma$ and is transitive on the torus. Let $\rho_1,\ldots,\rho_r$ denote primitive generators of the $1$-dimensional cones in $\Sigma(1)$, with $r\ge n+1$. These generators correspond bijectively to the irreducible $T$-invariant divisors $D_i$ of $X_{\Sigma}$. Moreover, for the case in consideration, the divisor classes of the $T$-invariant divisors $D_i$ with $i\ge n+1$ generate the divisor class group $\text{Cl}(X_{\Sigma})$. For a class $[D]\in\text{Cl}(X_{\Sigma})$ a representative of the form $D=\sum_{i=n+1}^rd_iD_i$ with $d_i\ge 0$ is said to be in \textit{standard form}. \par Given a divisor $D$ in standard form, points $p_1,\ldots,p_k\in X_{\Sigma}$ and non-negative integers $\mu_1,\ldots,\mu_k$, let ${\mathcal L}_{|D|}(p_1^{\mu_1},\ldots,p_k^{\mu_k})$ denote the linear system of hypersurfaces of divisor class $[D]$ passing through $p_i$ with multiplicity al least $\mu_i$, for $1\le i\le k$. Let $M$ be the dual lattice of $N$, with pairing $\langle \;,\;\rangle$. For each $\mu_i\ge 0$, let \[ \Delta(\mu_i)=\{u\in M: \langle u,e_1+\cdots+e_n\rangle\leq\mu_i\;\;\text{and}\;\; \langle u,e_i\rangle\ge 0\;\; \text{for each}\;\; i\}. \] For the polytope $P(D)=\{m\in M_{\mathbb Q}:\langle m,\rho_i\rangle\ge -d_i,\;\;\text{for}\;\; 1\le i\le r\}$, where $d_i$ are the integers that define $D$, denote by $\Delta(D,\mu_i)=\Delta(\mu_i)\setminus P(D)^c$, where $P(D)^c$ is the complement of $P(D)$. The author defines the \textit{toric virtual dimension} of the linear system ${\mathcal L}={\mathcal L}_{|D|}(p_1^{\mu_1},\ldots,p_k^{\mu_k})$ as \[ \text{tvdim}({\mathcal L})=\dim([D])-\sum_{i=1}^k|\Delta(D,\mu_i)|-1, \] where $|\Delta|$ is the cardinality of $\Delta$. The \textit{toric expected dimension} of the linear system ${\mathcal L}$ is \[ \text{tedim}({\mathcal L})=\max\big\{\text{tvdim}({\mathcal L}),-1\big\}. \] These new definitions, which take into consideration the contribution given by certain toric subvarieties to the linear system ${\mathcal L}={\mathcal L}_{|D|}(p_1^{\mu_1},\ldots,p_k^{\mu_k})$, are generalizations of the usual \textit{virtual dimension} of the linear system ${\mathcal L}$ given by \[ \text{vdim}({\mathcal L})=\dim([D])-\sum_{i=1}^k\binom{n+\mu_i-1}{n}-1, \] and the usual \textit{expected dimension} $\text{edim}({\mathcal L})=\max\{\text{vdim}({\mathcal L}),-1\}$. Under the above conditions and assuming that the points $p_1,\ldots,p_k$ are in very general position, the second main result is that \[ \dim({\mathcal L})\ge \text{tedim}({\mathcal L})\ge \text{edim}({\mathcal L}). \] The author calls the linear system ${\mathcal L}_{|D|}(p_1^{\mu_1},\ldots,p_k^{\mu_k})$ \textit{toric special} if the first inequality above is strict, and \textit{toric non-special} otherwise. The third main result, Theorem 3.9, relates the toric non-speciality of a linear system ${\mathcal L}$ with the toric non-speciality of the degenerate linear systems as in [\textit{A. Laface} and \textit{E. Postinghel}, Math. Ann. 356 No. 4, 1455--1470 (2013; Zbl 1275.14041)].