LCA(2), Weil index, and product formula (Q1744569)

Let \(LCA\) denote the category of locally compact Hausdorff topological abelian groups. An object in \(LCA(2)\) is an abelian group \(G\) with a nonempty class \(\mathcal{U}(G)\) of abelian subgroups of \(G\) such that, for any \(S_1 \subset S_2\) in \(\mathcal{U}(G)\), the quotient group \(S_2/S_1\) has an \(LCA\) structure, and the following axioms are satisfied: 1) \(\bigcup_{S\in \mathcal{U}(G)} S = G\), \(\bigcap_{S\in \mathcal{U}(G)} S = \{0\}\); 2) for any \(S_1, S_2 \in \mathcal{U}(G)\), there exist \(S, S^\prime \in \mathcal{U}(G)\) such that \(S\subset S_j \subset S^\prime\), \(j=1,2\); 3) for \(S_1, S_2, S_3 \in \mathcal{U}(G)\) with \(S_1 \subset S_2 \subset S_3\), the sequence \(S_2/S_1 \to S_3/S_1 \to S_3/S_2\) is an exact triple in \(LCA\); 4) for \(S_1, S_2 \in \mathcal{U}(G)\) with \(S_1\subset S_2\), if \(U\subset S_2/S_1\) is a closed subgroup, then \(\pi^{-1}(U)\), the preimage of \(U\) under the natural map \(\pi: S_2 \to S_2/S_1\), is in \(\mathcal{U}\). \(LCA(2)\) is a modified version of the category \(C_2^{ar}\) defined by \textit{D. V. Osipov} and \textit{A. N. Parshin} [Izv. Math. 75, No. 4, 749--814 (2011; Zbl 1232.11122); translation from Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Mat. 75, No. 4, 91--164 (2011)]. The authors introduce the notion of Weil index for a non-degenerate quadratic character on an \(LCA(2)\) group \(G\). They prove that such a quadratic character gives rise to a projective representation of \(\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})\) on the Bruhat-Schwartz space \(\mathcal{S}(G)\) of \(G\). Also, the authors obtain the product formula of Weil index for curves over local fields and local surfaces.