Global spectra, polytopes and stacky invariants (Q1745309)

The starting point here is the formula, analogous to Noether's formula for complex surfaces, \[ {{d^2}\over{du^2}}E(X;u,i)|_{u=1}={{1}\over{12}}n(3n-5)c_n(X)+{{1}\over{6}}c_1(X)c_{n-1}(X), \] for a smooth projective manifold \(X\), where \[ E(X;u,v)=\sum_{p,q}(-1)^{p+q}h^{p,q}(X)u^pv^q. \] A stringy version of this was proved by Batyrev, and mirror symmetry considerations suggest that there should be a similar formula involving, instead of the Hodge numbers, the spectrum at infinity (essentially, the logarithms of eigenvalues of monodromy) of a suitable Laurent polynomial \(f\) -- the Givental-Hori-Vafa model. This paper proves such a formula. The spectrum at infinity depends only on the Newton polytope \(P\) of \(f\), which in turn determines a stacky fan. To this is associated a function, the geometric spectrum \(\text{Spec}_P^{\text{geo}}=(z-1)^n\sum_{v\in N}z^{-\nu_{P}(v)}\), where \(\nu_p\) is the Newton function of \(P\), the maximum of the heights of \(v\) relative to each face, normalised so that the actual faces are at height \(1\). This function can be interpreted in various ways, in particular as an orbifold Poincaré series: this is the analogue of \(E\). Using results from [\textit{L. A. Borisov} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 18, No. 1, 193--215 (2005; Zbl 1178.14057)] one identifies \(E\) with the spectrum at infinity of \(f\), and that, via a computation similar to the proof in [\textit{V. V. Batyrev}, Math. Res. Lett. 7, No. 2--3, 155--164 (2000; Zbl 0952.14038)] of the analogue of Noether's formula above. Several examples show the meaning of this stringy formula in low-dimensional cases: in particular, it gives a Noether formula valid for \(2\)-dimensional Fano polytopes, not necessarily smooth.