Classification and arithmeticity of toroidal compactifications with \(3\overline{c}_2=\overline{c}_1^2=3\) (Q1746397)

Let \(\mathcal H^n\) be the \(n\)-dimensional complex hyperbolic space and \(\Gamma\) be any torsion-free nonuniform lattice in \(\operatorname{PU}(n,1)\). Then \(\mathcal H/\Gamma\) is a noncompact finite volume complex hyperbolic manifold. It is known that if the parabolic elements in \(\Gamma\) have no rotational part, the manifold \(\mathcal H^n/\Gamma\) has a compactification \((X,D)\), consisting of a smooth projective variety \(X\) and an exceptional divisor \(D\). Here the divisor \(D\) is the union of smooth disjoint abelian varieties with negative normal bundle. The pair \((X,D)\) is called toroidal compactification of \(\mathcal H^n/\Gamma\). In this article a classification of the minimum volume smooth complex hyperbolic surfaces, that admit smooth toroidal compactifcations, is given with an explicit construction of their compactifications. There are five such surfaces -- one of them has as underlying space an abelian variety blown up at one point, and the other four have as underlying spaces bielliptic surfaces (minimal surfaces of Kodaira dimension zero and irregularity one) blown up in one point. The associated lattices \(\Gamma\) in \(\operatorname{PU}(2,1)\) here are arithmetic and commensurable. The proofs of the above results follow an algebro-geometric approach. The authors fully exploit the implications of the Kodaira-Enriques classification for smooth toroidal compactifications of ball quotients with Euler number one. Also some results of the second author, based on calculations with Magma, are used. The aforementioned four bielliptic examples appear to be the first examples of smooth toroidal compactifications of ball quotients, which are birational isomorphic to bielliptic surfaces.