Feynman amplitudes, coaction principle, and cosmic Galois group (Q1748978)

This very exhaustive set of lecture notes on about 100 pages deals with some formal considerations on Feynman amplitudes and their corresponding integrals related to the cosmic Galois group. Feynman integrals are typically divergent integrals and a lot of effort has been done to separate the divergent pieces. An interesting theorem in the beginning of these notes states that for any Feynman integral, there is a canonical way to associate it to a convergent integral which means replacing it with a canonical motivic version. With the adjective \textit{motic} later a specific subclass of Feynman graphs is denoted which are the one-particle irreducible ones. The content is distributed over ten sections and two appendices: In Section 1 some basic notions relating to Feynman graphs and graph polynomials are recalled, where in Section 2 factorisation theorems for graph polynomials are proven. Furthermore, in Section 3 the notion of a motic subgraph of a Feynman graph is studied and in Section 4 a Hopf algebra of graphs is considered. In Section 5 so-called blow-ups of projective space along linear subspaces are studied and in Section 6 the graph motive defined and a certain recursive product structure proven. In Section 7 the motivic amplitude of a Feynman graph is defined and some stability results proven in Section 8. Section 9 focuses on the case of graphs with no kinematic dependence and proves some results. Finally, in Section 10 applications of the cosmic Galois group in the case of graphs with general kinematics and state some conjectures are discussed and problems for further study outlined. In the appendices, some technical tools are presented and a full example of such a graph with the methods worked out in these lecture notes is given.