A classification of Motzkin numbers modulo 8 (Q1753020)

Summary: The well-known Motzkin numbers were conjectured by Deutsch and Sagan to be nonzero when modulo \(8\). The conjecture was first proved by Sen-Peng Eu, Shu-chung Liu and Yeong-Nan Yeh by using the factorial representation of the Catalan numbers. We present a short proof by finding a recursive formula for Motzkin numbers modulo \(8\). Moreover, such a recursion leads to a full classification of Motzkin numbers modulo \(8\).