Nilpotent symmetric Jacobian matrices and the Jacobian conjecture. II (Q1770529)

[For part I see J. Pure Appl. Algebra 193, No.1--3, 61--70 (2004; Zbl 1054.14083).] It is known that the Jacobian conjecture over an algebraically closed field \(k\) is true if it holds for polynomial mappings of the form \(F=x+H:k^{n} \rightarrow k^{n},\) where the Jacobian matrix \(JH\) of \(H\) is homogeneous and nilpotent. The results of the paper concern this class of mappings under additional assumption that \(JH\) is symmetric (it implies that \(JH\) is the Hessian of a polynomial). The main result is that the Jacobian conjecture holds in the following cases: 1. \(n\leq5\) and \(JH\) is homogeneous, nilpotent and symmetric, 2. \(n\leq4\) and \(JH\) is nilpotent and symmetric. The proofs are based on a generalization of the theorem of Gordan and Noether on the Hessian matrix of homogeneous polynomials.