On compact Hermitian manifolds with flat Gauduchon connections (Q1782059)

In this article, the authors study the so-called Gauduchon connections on a Hermitian manifold. We recall what on every Hermitian manifold \((M^{n},J,g)\) there exists a unique connection \(\nabla^b\), called in the literature the Bismut connection or KT connection, satisfying the conditions \(\nabla^bg=0\), \(\nabla^bJ=0\) and such that the torsion tensor \(T^b\) is totally skew-symmetric. The Chern connection \(\nabla^c\) satisfies the following conditions. Its \((0, 1)\)-part coincides with the Cauchy-Riemann operator associated to the holomorphic structure; its curvature form is a \((1, 1)\)-form. We will call \(\nabla^s = (1-\frac{s}{2})\nabla^c + \frac{s}{2}\nabla^b\) the \(s\)-Gauduchon connection of \(M\), where \(\nabla^c\) and \(\nabla^b\) are respectively the Chern and Bismut connections. It is natural to ask when a compact Hermitian manifold could admit a flat \(s\)-Gauduchon connection. In this article, the authors observe that if either \(s\geq 4+2\sqrt{3} \approx 7.46\) or \(s\leq 4-2\sqrt{3}\approx 0.54\) and \(s\neq 0\), then \(g\) is Kähler. The authors also show that, when \(n=2\), \(g\) is always Kähler unless \(s=2\).