Lie groups with flat Gauduchon connections (Q2272963)

The classification problem of Hermitian manifolds is considered in the case when the \(s\)-Gauduchon connection \(\nabla_s = (1 - 2s )\nabla_c + 2s \nabla_b\) is flat, where \(s \in \mathbb{R}\) and \(\nabla_c\) and \(\nabla_b\) are the Chern and the Bismut connections respectively. Here the Lie groups equipped with a left-invariant Hermitian structure are considered. Such spaces give an important class of Hermitian manifolds. More precisely, let us consider a connected \(2n\)-dimensional real Lie group \(G\) equipped with a left-invariant complex structure J and a left-invariant compatible metric \(g\). It is assumed that its connection \(\nabla_s\) is flat. The main result of this article states that if either \(n=2\) or there exists a \(\nabla_s\)-parallel left-invariant frame on \(G\), then \(g\) must be Kähler. This result demonstrates rigidity properties of some complete Hermitian manifolds with \(\nabla_s\)-flat Hermitian metrics. Then it is proved that if \(G\) is a connected Lie group of real dimension 2n, equipped with a left-invariant metric \(g\) and a compatible left-invariant complex structure \(J\), then if we assume that \((G, g)\) has a flat Gauduchon connection \(\nabla_s\) for some \(s \ne 0, 2\) and if \(G\) admits a left-invariant \(\nabla_s\)-parallel tangent frame, then \(g\) is Kähler. Moreover, here the Lie group \(G\) is abelian. The third main result states that if \((M^n, g)\) is a complete Hermitian manifold with a flat \(s\)-Gauduchon connection \(\nabla_s\) and with parallel torsion and if \(s \ne 0, 2\), then its universal cover is holomorphically isometric to \(\mathbb{C}^n\). Also some corollaries are proved.