An endpoint version of uniform Sobolev inequalities (Q1791236)

Let \(P(D)=Q(D)+\sum_{j=1}^{n}a_j\partial_{x_j} +b\) be a second order constant coefficient elliptic differential operator, where \(Q(D)=\Delta\): Laplacian, \(a_j\) and \(b\) are complex numbers. Uniform Sobolev inequalities \[ \|u\|_{L^q(\mathbb R^n)}\leq C\|P(D)u\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^n)}, \quad u\in W^{2,p}(\mathbb R^n)\tag{1} \] were characterized by \textit{C. E. Kenig} et al. [Duke Math. J. 55, 329--347 (1987; Zbl 0644.35012)] as follows: (1) holds if and only if \((p,q)\) satisfies (i) \(1/p-1/q=2/n\) and (ii) \(\min\{|1/p-1/2|,\,|1/q-1/2|\}>1/(2n)\), i.e. \((1/p,1/q)\) lies on the open line segment joining \(\alpha((n+1)/(2n),\,(n-3)/(2n))\) and \(\beta((n+3)/(2n),\,(n-1)/(2n))\). The authors give the end point result: Let \(n>3\). If \((1/p,1/q)\) is \(\alpha\) or \(\beta\), then there exists a constant \(C\), depending only on \(n\), such that \[ \|u\|_{L^{q,\infty}(\mathbb R^n)}\leq C\|P(D)u\|_{L^{p,1}(\mathbb R^n)}.\tag{2} \] To show this, they showed weak uniform resolvent estimates \[ \|u\|_{L^{q,\infty}(\mathbb R^n)} \leq C\|(\Delta+z)u\|_{L^{p,1}(\mathbb R^n)}\tag{3} \] for \(n\geq 3\), like as the strong estimates in Kenig, Ruiz and Sogge's paper [loc. cit]. To show the last estimates, they used Bourgain's interpolation theorem. They also comment that (2) in the case \(n=3\) is still open.