Equivalent and attained version of Hardy's inequality in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) (Q1800363)

The authors extend the validity of the classical embedding inequality [\textit{A. Alvino}, Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., V. Ser., A 14, 148--156 (1977; Zbl 0352.46020)] \[ \|u\|_{p^*,q}\leq\frac{p}{n-p}\omega_n^{-1/n}\|\nabla u\|_{p,q}, \] for the case \( 1\leq p < n \), \( p < q\leq p\,\frac{n-1}{n-p} \), with optimal constant, where \[ u\in\mathcal{D}_W^1 L^{p,q}(\mathbb R^n)=\{u\in L^{p^*,q}(\mathbb R^n):|\nabla u|\in L^{p,q}(\mathbb R^n)\}. \] If \( p\,\frac{n-1}{n-p} < q\leq\infty\), the same inequality holds if \(u\in\mathcal{D}^{1,*}_WL^{p,q}(\mathbb R^n)\), a proper subspace of \(\mathcal{D}_W^1 L^{p,q}(\mathbb R^n)\) [\textit{S. Costea}, Nonlinear Anal., 152, 149--182 (2017; Zbl 1366.31005)]. If \(1\leq p < n \) and \(q=\infty\) then, they also prove that the Hardy inequality \[ \bigg(\frac{n-p}p\bigg)^p\int_{\mathbb R^n}\frac{|u|^p}{|x|^p}\,dx\leq\int_{\mathbb R^n}|\nabla u|^p\,dx \] holds for any \(u\in\mathcal{D}^{1,p}(\mathbb R^n)\) (the completion of \(\mathcal{C}_c^\infty(\mathbb R^n)\) with respect to the norm \(\|\nabla\cdot\|_p\)) if, and only if, the Sobolev-Marcinkiewicz embedding inequality \[ \|v\|_{p^*,\infty}\leq\frac{p}{n-p}\omega_n^{-1/n}\|\nabla v\|_{*,p,\infty} \] holds for any \(v\in\mathcal{D}^{1,*}_WL^{p,\infty}(\mathbb R^n)\). Finally, they show that the best constant \(\frac{p}{n-p}\omega_n^{-1/n}\) is attained if and only if \(q=\infty\). An extremal function in \( \mathcal{D}^{1,*}_WL^{p,\infty}(\mathbb R^n)\) is given by \(\psi(x)=|x|^{-(n-p)/p}\), which is exactly the ``ghost'' function of [\textit{H. Brezis} and \textit{J. L. Vázquez}, Rev. Mat. Univ. Complut. Madrid, 10, 443--469 (1997; Zbl 0894.35038)].