On the bounded term in the mean square formula for the approximate functional equation of \(\zeta^ 2(s)\) (Q1805517)

Let \(\zeta(s)\) \((s= \sigma+ it)\) be the Riemann zeta-function, and \(d(n)\) the number of positive divisors of \(n\). The error term \(R(s; x)\) in the approximate functional equation for \(\zeta^ 2 (s)\) is defined by \[ \zeta^ 2 (s)= \mathop {{\sum}'}_{n\leq x} d(n) n^{-s}+ \chi^ 2 (s) \mathop{{\sum}'}_{n\leq x} d(n) n^{s-1}+ R(s; x), \] where \(\chi(s)= 2^ s \pi^{s-1} \sin(\pi s/2) \Gamma (1-s)\) and the dash indicates that the last term is to be halved if \(x\) is an integer. The mean square \(I_ \sigma (T)= \int_ 1^ T | R(s; x)|^ 2 dt\) was first studied by \textit{I. Kiuchi} and the author [Acta Arith. 61, 337-345 (1992; Zbl 0761.11035)]\ and \textit{I. Kiuchi} [J. Number Theory 45, 312-319 (1993; Zbl 0787.11034)] in case \(\sigma= 1/2\), and then, \textit{I. Kiuchi} [Arch. Math. 64, No. 4, 316-322 (1995; Zbl 0822.11060 above)] considered the more general situation \(0\leq \sigma\leq 1\). In the paper under review the author refines the result of Kiuchi to show that \[ I_ \sigma (T)= \begin{cases} C_ 1(\sigma) T^{3/2- 2\sigma}+ C_ 2 (\sigma)+ O(T^{1- 2\sigma} \log^ 4 T), \quad &1/2< \sigma< 3/4,\\ \pi C_ 0\log T+ C_ 2 (3/4)+ O(T^{- 1/2} \log^ 4 T), &\sigma= 3/4,\\ C_ 2 (\sigma)+ C_ 1 (\sigma) T^{3/2- 2\sigma}+ O (T^{1/4- \sigma}), &3/4< \sigma\leq 1, \end{cases} \] with a certain constant \(C_ 2 (\sigma)\). The main tool of all the above mentioned works is \textit{Y. Motohashi}'s explicit formula for \(R(s; x)\) [``Lectures on Riemann-Siegel formula'', Ulam Seminar, Colorado Univ. (1987)].