Prime ideals in Hopf Galois extensions (Q1806720)

Let \(k\) be a field, \(H\) a finite-dimensional \(k\)-Hopf algebra and \(R\subset A\) a faithfully flat \(H\)-Galois extension. For \(C\) a subcoalgebra of \(H\), an ideal \(I\) in \(R\) is called \(C\)-stable if \(IA(C)=A(C)I\) with \(A(C)=\rho^{-1}(A\otimes C)\), where \(\rho\colon A\to A\otimes H\) is the comodule map. A \(C\)-stable ideal \(I\) of \(R\) is called \(C\)-prime if \(I\neq R\) and if whenever \(LM\subset I\) for \(C\)-stable ideals \(L\), \(M\) of \(R\), then \(L\subset I\) or \(M\subset I\). Then \(\text{Spec}(R)\), \(\text{Spec}(A)\), \(H\text{-Spec}(R)\), \(H_0\text{-Spec}(R)\) and \(H^*\text{-Spec}(A)\) denote the obvious sets of ideals and there is a bijective correspondence between \(H\text{-Spec}(R)\) and \(H_0\text{-Spec}(R)\), for \(H_0\) the coradical of \(H\). In this paper, the authors study Krull relations for \(R\subset A\). Basic Krull relations are: (1) \(t\)-LO (\(t\)-lying over). Say \(H\) has \(t\)-LO if, for all \(R\subset A\) as above, for any \(Q\in\text{Spec}(R)\), there are \(P_1,\dots,P_n\in\text{Spec}(A)\), \(n\leq\dim H\) such that \(P_i\) lies over \(Q\) (meaning that \(P_i\cap R=(Q:H)\), the largest \(H\)-stable ideal in \(Q\)), and \(\left(\bigcap^n_{i=1}P_i\right)^t\subset(Q:H)A\). (2) INC (incomparability). Say \(H\) has INC if for all \(R\subset A\) as above and any \(P_2\subset P_1\) in \(\text{Spec}(A)\), \(P_2\cap R=P_1\cap R\Rightarrow P_1=P_2\). (3) GU (going up). \(H\) has GU if for all \(R\subset A\) as above, if \(Q_2\subset Q_1\) in \(\text{Spec}(R)\) and \(P_2\in\text{Spec}(A)\) lies over \(Q_2\), then there is \(P_1\in\text{Spec}(A)\) such that \(P_2\subset P_1\) and \(P_1\) lies over \(Q_1\). The authors also consider dual Krull relations to these, and show that \(H\) has a Krull relation if \(H^*\) has the dual. Actually, it suffices to check the relations for \(A=R\#H\), \(R\) an \(H\)-prime \(H\)-module algebra. The authors then study when classes of Hopf algebras satisfying a Krull relation are closed under extensions. These results are exploited in the last section of the paper where Hopf algebras with a normal series, \(k=H_{n+1}\subset H_n\subset\cdots\subset H_0=H\), with \(H_{i+1}\) a normal sub-Hopf algebra of \(H_i\), are considered. If the quotients in a normal series are commutative (cocommutative, commutative or cocommutative), \(H\) is called solvable (cosolvable, semisolvable) and for such \(H\), the strongest results are obtained.