Loops with reflection germ: A characterization of absolute planes (Q1808795)

A set \({\mathbb L}\) together with a binary operation \(+:{\mathbb L}\times {\mathbb L} \rightarrow {\mathbb L}\) is called \textit{right loop} if the following conditions are fulfilled: (i) for any \(a,b\in {\mathbb L}\) there is \(x\in {\mathbb L}\) uniquely determined such that \(a+x=b,\) (ii) there is exactly one element \(0\in {\mathbb L}\) such that \(a+0=0+a=a,\) for all \(a\in {\mathbb L}.\) For each \(a\in {\mathbb L},\) the map \(a^+:{\mathbb L} \rightarrow {\mathbb L}: a\mapsto a+x\) is a permutation. An incidence fibration on \(({\mathbb L},+)\) is a family \({\mathcal F}\) of right subloops \(X\) with \(|X|\geq 2\) such that: (i) \(\cup {\mathcal F}={\mathbb L},\) (ii) \(A,B\in {\mathcal F},\) \(A\not=B\Longrightarrow A\cap B=\{ 0\},\) (iii) \(X\in {\mathcal F},\) \(\delta =((a+b)^+)^{-1}\circ a^+\circ b^+ \rightarrow \delta (X)\in {\mathcal F},\) for all \(a,b \in {\mathbb L}.\) The associated incidence right loop \(({\mathbb L},+,{\mathcal G}),\) where \({\mathcal G}=\{ a+X\mid a\in {\mathbb L}\), \(X\in {\mathcal F}\}\) is used in order to define point reflections and the notion of right loop with reflection germ. A characterization of non-Euclidean absolute plane is obtained by using this concept.