Approximations of the 3-particle Toda lattice (Q1819803)

The 3-particle Toda lattice is a conservative integrable dynamical system with Hamiltonian \[ H=(\dot q^ 2_ 1+\dot q^ 2_ 2+\dot q^ 2_ 3)+\exp (q_ 1-q_ 2)+\exp (q_ 2-q_ 3)+\exp (q_ 3-q_ 1)-3 \] where \(q_ i\), \(\dot q_ i\) are the positions and momenta of the particles. It can be considered as a system in two-dimensional space with coordinates x,y and \(H=(\dot x^ 2+\dot y^ 2)+V(x,y)\). The truncations (polynomial approximations) of H are studied at orders \(i\leq 10\); the third order gives the well-known Hénon-Heiles system exhibiting large stochasticity as the energy increases. The numerical study of the higher- order truncations consists of analyzing the distribution of the Poincaré consequence on the surface of the \(\{x=0\}\) section. It occurs that all odd order systems have an escape energy that increases as their order increases. On the contrary, even order systems behave similarly to the completely integrable ones. For example, the 4th order system behaves as integrable for values of energy at least 20 times higher than the escape energy of the 3rd order stochastic system.