Une précision concernant le théorème de Noether. (A precision concerning the theorem of Noether) (Q1821167)

We use the polynomial description of the infinitesimal variation of Hodge structure of hypersurfaces in \({\mathbb{P}}^ n({\mathbb{C}})\) in order to show the following result: Let d be an integer at least five; let \(S_ d\subset {\mathbb{P}}(H^ 0({\mathcal O}_{{\mathbb{P}}^ 3}(d)))\) be the family of smooth surfaces of degree \(d\) such that \(Pic(S_ d)\neq {\mathbb{Z}}\). \(S_ d\) is a countable union of analytic subsets and we have the theorem: Each component of \(S_ d\) is of codimension at least d-3, with equality holding only for the component consisting of surfaces containing a line.