On harmonic typically real mappings (Q1868787)

\textit{J. Clunie} and \textit{T. Sheil-Small} [Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A I 9, 3-25 (1984; Zbl 5606.30007)] considered the class \(T_H\) of functions \(f= h+\overline g\) harmonic in the unit disc \(U\) and typically real (\(f(z)\) is real if and only if \(z\) is real) and such that \(|g'(z)|<|h'(z)|\), \(z\in U\), \(f(0)= 0\), \(|h'(0)|= 1\), \(f(r)> 0\) for \(0< r< 1\). They obtained several theorems and posed the following problem: If \(f= h+\overline g\) is univalent in \(U\) and real on the real axis with \(h'(0)= \overline{g'(0)}> 1\) and \(f(0)= 0\), is it true that \(f\) is typically real? \textit{Z. J. Jakubowski}, \textit{W. Majchrzak} and \textit{K. Skalska} [J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 9, No. 1, 35-48 (1994; Zbl 0820.30009)] considered the calss \(\widetilde\tau_H\) of functions \(f= h+\overline g\) harmonic in \(U\), such that: \(f(0)= 0\), \(|g'(0)|<|h'(0)|= 1\), \[ \text{Im }f(re^{i\theta})\begin{cases} > 0\quad &\text{for }0<\theta<\pi,\\ = 0\quad &\text{for }\theta= 0\text{ or }\theta= \pi,\\ < 0\quad &\text{for }-\pi<\theta<0,\end{cases} \] \(f(r)> 0\) for \(0< r< 1\). It is easy to see that \(T_H\subset\widetilde\tau_H\) and \(T_H\neq\widetilde\tau_H\). In the mentioned papers the authors examined also the respective classes \(T^0_H\) and \(\widetilde\tau^1_H\). \textit{D. Bshouty}, \textit{W. Hengartner} and \textit{O. Hossian} [Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 119, No. 4, 673-680 (1996; Zbl 0854.30014)] proved: Let \(f= h+\overline g\) be an univalent orientation-preserving harmonic mapping defined on \(U\) such that \(f\) is real on the real axis and satisfies the normalization \(f(0)= 0\), \(h'(0)+\overline{g'(0)}> 0\). If, in addition, the second dilatation function \(a= \overline f_{\overline z}/f_z\) has real coefficients, then \(f\) is typically real. In this paper, the authors proved that a univalent orientation-preserving harmonic mapping \(f= h+\overline g\) defined on \(U\) with normalization \(f(0)= 0\), \(h'(0)= \overline{g'(0)}> 0\), is a typically real mapping, if \(f(U)\) is a starlike domain with respect to the origin or \(f(U)\) is convex in one direction.