Best constants for Sobolev inequalities for higher order fractional derivatives (Q1876719)

For \(f\in H^s(\mathbb{R}^n)\) the authors prove the following statement. Let \(n>2s\) and \(q=\frac{2n}{n-2s}\) be the Sobolev exponent for \(p=2\). Then \[ \|f\|_q\leq A(n,s)\|(-\Delta)^\frac{s}{2}f\|_2\tag{1} \] where \(A(n,s)=\sqrt{\frac{\Gamma\left(\frac{n-2s}{2}\right)}{\Gamma\left(\frac{n+2s}{2}\right)}} |S^n|^{-\frac{s}{n}} \) is the best constant and \(f(x)=\frac{c}{\left[\mu^2+|x-x_0|^2\right]^\frac{n-2s}{2}}\) is the extremal function. They also prove the inequality \[ \|f\|_q^2\leq S(n,s)\|(-\Delta)^\frac{s}{2}f\|^2_2+\|f\|_2^2\tag{2} \] with some estimation of the constant \(S(n,s)\) and give a strengthening of (2) for \(n=2\). Application to the proof of Beckner's inequality [\textit{W. Beckner}, Ann. Math. (2) 138, No.~1, 213--242 (1993; Zbl 0826.58042)] for spherical Laplace operators is also given. Reviewer's remark: The best constant for an inequality more general than (1), namely \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|f(x)|^p|x|^\mu\; dx \leq C^p \int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|(-\Delta)^\frac{s}{2}f(x)|^p|x|^{\gamma}\; dx \] where \(1\leq p<\infty, s>0, sp-n<\gamma <n(p-1), \mu=\gamma-s p,\) with the best constant \[ C= 2^{-s}\frac{\Gamma\left(\frac{n(p-1)-\gamma}{2p}\right)\Gamma\left(\frac{n+\gamma-s p}{2p}\right)} {\Gamma\left(\frac{n+\gamma}{2p}\right)\Gamma\left(\frac{n(p-1)+s p-\gamma}{2p}\right)} \] was recently obtained by the reviewer [\textit{S. Samko}, ``Best constant in the weighted Hardy inequality: the spatial and spherical versions'', Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 8, No.~1, 39--52 (2005)].