Necessary and sufficient conditions for the Lipschitz invertibility of the nonlinear differential mapping \(d/dt-f\) in the spaces \(L_ p({\mathbb R},{\mathbb R}), 1\leq p\leq\infty\). (Q1889491)

This paper concerns the differential operator \(Lu:= {du\over dt}- f(u)\), where \(f: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}\) is a Lipschitz continuous function. It is proved the following Theorem. Let \(1\leq p\leq\infty\) and, in the case \(p<\infty\), suppose that \(f(0)= 0\). Then \(L\) is a bi-Lipschitz map from \(W^1_p(\mathbb{R})\) onto \(L_p(\mathbb{R})\) if and only if \[ m:= \inf_{u\neq v}\,\Biggl|{f(u)- f(v)\over u-v}\Biggr|> 0, \] and, in that case, \({1\over m}\) is a Lipschitz constant of \(L^{-1}\). The proof is based on a difference approximation of \(L\) and on the local convergence of sequences of \(L_p\)-functions.