The Fredholm alternative and exponential dichotomies for parabolic equation (Q1892565)

The author considers linear inhomogeneous parabolic equations of the form \[ \dot x(t)+ A(t) x(t)= f(t),\tag{N} \] where \(A(t)= A_0+ B(t)\), \(A_0\) is sectorial on a Banach space \(X\), \(B(t)\) maps a fractional power space \(X^\alpha\) into \(X\), and the maps \(t\mapsto B(t): \mathbb{R}\to L(X^\alpha, X)\), \(t\mapsto f(t): \mathbb{R}\to X\) are bounded and locally Hölder continuous. He seeks conditions under which the following property (P) holds: (N) has a bounded solution if and only if \[ \int^\infty_{- \infty} \langle y(t), f(t)\rangle dt= 0 \] for any bounded solution of the adjoint homogeneous equation \(\dot y(t)+ (A(t))^* y(t)= 0\). One of the main theorems states that (P) holds, provided the homogeneous equation \(F(x)(t):= \dot x(t)+ A(t) x(t)= 0\) has an exponential dichotomy on the intervals \((- \infty, 0]\), \([0, \infty)\). In this case, \(F\) is a Fredholm operator between appropriate Banach spaces. This is an extension of earlier results of Palmer, Lin and others. There appear to be some gaps in the statement and proof of the theorem (e.g. the condition that the projections of the dichotomies be finite- dimensional is omitted in the statement, the Banach spaces on which \(F\) acts are not defined correctly, boundedness and regularity of the solutions is not fully verified).