When does a discrete differential perturbation of a sequence of orthonormal polynomials belong to \(\ell^ 2\)? (Q1911530)

Let \(\mu\) be a positive Borel measure on \(\mathbb{R}^1\) with moments of every order. Let \(\{p_n\}\) be a sequence of orthonormal polynomials in \(L^2(\mathbb{R}^1,d\mu)\). Let \((z_1,k_1),\dots,(z_N,k_N)\) be given, where \(z\in \mathbb{C}\), \(k\in\mathbb{N}\). The authors characterize the operator \(T=\sum^N_{\ell=1} \sum^N_{j=0} a_{\ell j}\delta^{(j)}_{z_\ell}\) for which \(\{T(p_n)\}\subset\ell^2\).