A refinement of Foreman's four-vertex theorem and its dual version (Q1928322)

The authors refine \textit{B. Foreman}'s four-vertex theorem on semi-osculating conics of a strictly convex curve \(\Gamma\) [Am. Math. Mon. 114, No. 4, 351--356 (2007; Zbl 1158.53300)]. Foreman's theorem is an application of Ghys' theorem on diffeomorphisms of \(S^{1}\). The authors deduce a projectively dual version of their refinement which is a claim about semi-osculating conics passing through two fixed points on \(\Gamma\).