Hard Sard: quantitative implicit function and extension theorems for Lipschitz maps (Q1930899)

The article deals with two fundamental theorems about Lipschitzian mappings. The first of them describes conditions for a Lipschitzian function \(f: [0,1]^{n+m} \to {\mathbb X}\) (\({\mathbb X}\) is a metric space) under which a constant \(\eta > 0\), a set \(E \subset [0,1]^{n+m}\), and a homeomorphism \(g:\;{\mathbb R}^{n+m} \to {\mathbb R}^{n+m}\) exist such that the following four propositions hold: {\parindent8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \({\mathcal H}^{n+m}(E) \geq \eta\); \item[(ii)] \(g\) is bi-Lipschitzian map; \item[(iii)] for \((x,y) \in g(E)\), \((f \circ g^{-1})^{-1} (f \circ g^{-1})(x,y) \cap g(E) \subseteq (\{x\} \times {\mathbb R}^m) \cap g(E)\); \item[(iv)] for all \(y \in {\mathbb R}^m\), \(F\big|_{({\mathbb R}^n \times \{y\}) \cap g(E)}\) is a bi-Lipschitzian map.\end{itemize}} Here, \({\mathcal H}^k(A)\) is a (spherical) Hausdorff measure of \(A \subset {\mathbb R}^k\) and \(\eta\) depends only on \(n\), \(m\) and the Hausdorff content of \((f,A)\). The second result is concerned with a Lipschitz function \(f:\;{\mathbb R}^n \to {\mathbb R}^D\) (\(D \geq n\)). For such a map, sets \(E_1,\ldots,E_M\) exist such that \(f\big|_{E_i}\), \(i= 1,\dots m\), are bi-Lipschitz and the \(f\)-image of every \([0,1]^n \setminus \cup E_i\) has a sufficiently small Hausdorff measure. Moreover, the sets \(E_i\) may be chosen such that bi-Lipschitzian \(F_i:\;{\mathbb R}^n \to {\mathbb R}^D\), \(i=1, \dots m\) exist with \(F_i\big|_{E_i} = f\big|_{E_i}\). In the end of the article, it is proved that the \(n\)-dimensional Ahlfors-David regular spaces in \({\mathbb R}^D\) having big pieces of bi-Lipschitz images also have big pieces of Lipschitzian graphs in \({\mathbb R}^D\).