On the asymptotics of visible elements and homogeneous equations in surface groups. (Q1932129)

For any positive integer \(n\geq 2\), let \(G\) be a group whose Abelianization \(G/G'\) is \(\mathbb Z^n\), the free Abelian group of rank \(n\). An element \(g\in G\) is said to be \textit{visible} if its image \(\overline g\) can be included in a basis of the Abelianization. In the paper under review three types of densities, annular, even and odd spherical w.r.t. the word metric in \(G\) of the subset of all visible elements are considered in the case of surface groups. The derived results are used to show that the corresponding asymptotic density of solvable split equations in a surface group under some assumptions is neither 0 nor 1. Recall that a split equation has the form \(w(x_1,\ldots,x_m)=g\), where the left-hand side is coefficient-free, and \(g\in G\). Similar results in the case of a free group \(F\) have been established by \textit{R. H. Gilman, A. Myasnikov} and \textit{V. Roman'kov} [Groups Complex. Cryptol. 3, No. 2, 257-284 (2011; Zbl 1278.20088)].