Sharp weak-type inequalities for Hilbert transform and Riesz projection (Q1932668)

Let \({\mathcal H}\) be the conjugate function \[ {\mathcal H}f(\mathrm e^{\mathrm i \theta})= \frac{1}{2\pi} \;\text{p.v.} \int_{-\pi}^{\pi} f(\mathrm e^{\mathrm it}) \cot\frac{\theta - t}{2}\,dt. \] \textit{S. K. Pichorides} [Stud. Math. 44, 165--179 (1972; Zbl 0238.42007)] proved that \[ \| {\mathcal H} \|_{ L^p(\mathbb{T}) \to L^p(\mathbb{T})} = \cot (\pi/(2p^{*})), \] where \(p^{*} = \max(p, p/(p-1))\) and \(1<p<\infty\). \textit{P. Janakiraman} [Ill. J. Math. 48, No. 3, 909--921 (2004; Zbl 1063.31002)] proved that \[ \| {\mathcal H} \|_{ L^p(\mathbb{T}) \to L^{p, \infty}(\mathbb{T})} = K_p := \left( \frac{1}{\pi} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{ \left| \frac{2}{\pi} \log | t | \right|^p} {t^2 +1}\, dt \right)^{-1/p}, \] where \(1 \leq p \leq 2\). The author proves the following vector-valued extension. \[ \| {\mathcal H} \|_{ L^p(\mathbb{T}, \ell^2) \to L^{p, \infty}(\mathbb{T}, \ell^2)} = K_p, \] where \(1 \leq p \leq 2\). The author also considers the Riesz projection \(P_{+}\), the co-analytic projection \(P_{-} = I - P_{+}\), the singular integral involution operator \(S=P_{+} - P_{-}\) and the Hilbert transform \[ Hf(x) = \frac{1}{\pi} \;\text{p.v.}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{f(y)}{x-y}\, dy. \]