Hyperbolicity for Deligne-Mumford analytic stacks and Brody's theorem (Q1932674)

For a compact Riemann surface \(X\) of genus \(g\), the following are equivalent: (1) \(g\geq 2\) \newline (2) \(X\) admits a metric of constant negative scalar curvature \newline (3) any holomorphic map \(\mathbb{C}\to X\) is constant. \newline The notions of \textit{Kobayashi hyperbolicity} and \textit{Brody hyperbolicity} are analogues of properties (2) and (3) for complex manifolds (or complex spaces) \(X\) of arbitrary dimension. Let \(X\) be a complex manifold, \(p\in X\) a point, and \(\xi\in T_{X,p}\) a tangent vector. The \textit{Kobayashi pseudo-norm} of \(\xi\) is defined as \[ \inf_\lambda \left\{ |\lambda|^{-1}, \exists f:\Delta\to X, f(0)=p, df_0\left(\frac{\partial}{\partial z}\right) =\lambda \xi\right\}. \] Here \(\Delta\subset \mathbb{C}\) is the unit disk with coordinate \(z\), and \(f\) is a holomorphic function. This pseudo-norm gives rise to a geodesic pseudo-distance, which may very well be degenerate (for example, if \(X=\mathbb{C}\)). Then manifold \(X\) is \textit{Kobayashi hyperbolic}, if this pseudo-distance is non-degenerate. A complex manifold \(X\) is \textit{Brody hyperbolic} if there are no non-constant maps \(f: \mathbb{C} \to X\), i.e., if \(\text{pr}_2^*: \text{Hom}(Y,X)\to \text{Hom}(\mathbb{C}\times Y,X)\) be a bijection, for all complex manifolds \(Y\). Here \(\text{Hom}\) stands for holomorphic maps, and \(\text{pr}_2:\mathbb{C}\times Y\to Y\) is the projection onto the second factor. It is not hard to see, using the non-hyperbolicity of \(\mathbb{C}\), that Kobayashi hyperbolicity implies Brody hyperbolicity. It is a theorem of \textit{R. Brody} [``Compact manifolds and hyperbolicity'', Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 235, 213--219 (1978; Zbl 0416.32013)] that when \(X\) is \textit{compact} the two notions are equivalent. Brody and Kobayashi hyperbolicity can be defined for complex spaces as well, and Brody's theorem still holds in that case, see [\textit{S. Kobayashi}, Hyperbolic complex spaces. Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften. 318. Berlin: Springer. (1998 Zbl 0917.32019 )]. In the article under review, the authors set up a program for proving Brody's theorem for Deligne--Mumford analytic stacks. Section \(3\) is a review of simplicial parabolic holotopy presheaves, and Section \(4\) is about hyperbolicity. In particular, a simplicial presheaf \(\mathcal{X}\) is \textit{Brody-hyperbolic} if it is simplicially locally fibrant and the set-bijection \(\text{pr}_2^*: \text{Hom}(\mathcal{Y},\mathcal{X})\to \text{Hom}(\mathbb{C}\times \mathcal{Y},\mathcal{X})\) holds in the homotopy category, for all simplicial presheaves \(\mathcal{Y}\) on the analytic site. A groupoid is Brody-hyperbolic, if its corresponding simplicial presheaf is so. Some equivalent forms of this definition follow (Proposition 4.2), as well as Brody-hyperbolicity of presheaves (Definition 4.3). Section 4.2 treats Kobayashi-hyperbolicity of presheaves via relative analytic disks. A groupoid is Kobayashi hyperbolic, if its first and second holotopy presehaves are so. In section \(7\) the authors outline a proof of Brody's Theorem for analytic Deligne--Mumford stacks, deferring the detailed proofs to a subsequent article.