On a class of spectral problems on the half-line and their applications to multi-dimensional problems (Q1948491)

The paper is a survey on the estimates of the number \(N_{-}(M_{\alpha G})\) of negative eigenvalues of the operator \[ M_{\alpha G} = -\partial^{2}/\partial t^{2} -\alpha G \] on \( \mathbb{R}_{+}\) with Dirichlet boundary condition \[ u(0)=0,\;G \geq 0,\;G \in L^{1}_{\mathrm{loc}}(0, \infty). \] The dependence of \(N_{-}(M_{\alpha G})\) on the coupling parameter \(\alpha>0\) is emphasized. The main presented result relates the semi-classical behaviour (\(N_{-}(M_{\alpha G})=O(\alpha ^{1/2})\)) or the super-classical behaviour (\(N_{-}(M_{\alpha G})= O(\alpha ^{q})\), \(q>1/2\)) of the number of negative eigenvalues of the sequence \[ (\mathfrak{z}_{j}(G))_{j\in \mathbb{Z}},\;\mathfrak{z}_{j}(G) = 2^{j} \int_{I_{j}} G(t)\, \text{ d}t,\quad I_{j}=(2^{j-1},2^{j})\;\forall j \in \mathbb{Z}. \] Estimates for the whole \(\mathbb{R}\) and applications to the multi-dimensional spectral problems are also given. The main results are given with proofs; for the others, references are provided.