Homoclinic solutions for a second-order nonperiodic asymptotically linear Hamiltonian systems (Q1949456)

The second-order Hamiltonian system \[ \ddot{u}(t)+\nabla V(t,u(t))=0 \] is studied, where \(V(t,u)=-K(t,u)+W(t,u)\) and \(K,W:\mathbb R \times \mathbb R ^N\to \mathbb R\) are \(C^1\)-maps. The main result is the following theorem: Let \(A:=\sup \{ K(t,u): t\in \mathbb R, |u|\leq 1\} <+\infty\). Moreover, assume the following: 1) \(K(t,0)\equiv 0\), and there is a constant \(a>0\) such that \[ K(t,u)\geq a|u|^2, \quad \forall (t,u)\in \mathbb R \times \mathbb R^N; \] 2) there exists \(\beta \in (1,2]\) such that \[ K(t,u)\leq (u,\nabla K(t,u))\leq \beta K(t,u),\quad \forall (t,u)\in \mathbb R \times \mathbb R^N; \] 3) \(W(t,0)\equiv 0\), and \(\nabla W(t,u)=o(|u|)\) as \(u\to 0\) uniformly in \(t\), and there exists \(M_0>0\) such that \[ \frac{|\nabla W(t,u)|}{|u|}\leq M_0, \quad\forall (t,u)\in \mathbb R \times \mathbb R^N; \] 4) \(W(t,u)-w(t)|u|^2=o(|u|^2)\) as \(|u|\to \infty\) uniformly in \(t\), where \(w\in L^\infty(\mathbb R, \mathbb R)\) with \(w_\infty :=\inf_{t\in \mathbb R}w(t)>2A;\) 5) \(\widetilde{W}(t,u):=1/2(\nabla W(t,u),u)-W(t,u)\to +\infty\) as \(|u|\to +\infty\), and \[ \inf \left\{ \frac{\widetilde{W}(t,u)}{|u|^2}: t\in \mathbb R , \quad c\leq |u|<d \right\} , \] for any \(c,d>0\). Then the above system possesses a nontrivial homoclinic solution \(u\in W^{1,2}(\mathbb R, \mathbb R^N)\) such that \(\dot{u}(t)\to 0\) as \(t\to \pm \infty\). The author was motivated by a recent result of \textit{A. Daouas} [Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl., Ser. A, Theory Methods 74, No. 11, 3407--3418 (2011; Zbl 1221.37115)] dealing with superquadratic \(W\). Results of \textit{M. Izydorek} and \textit{J. Janczewska} [J. Differ. Equations 219, No. 2, 375--389 (2005; Zbl 1080.37067)] are used in the proof.