Congruences for \(q\)-Lucas numbers (Q1953514)

Summary: For \(\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\delta\in{\mathbb Z}\) and \(\nu=(\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\delta)\), the \(q\)-Fibonacci numbers are given by \[ F_0^{\nu}(q)=0,\quad F_1^{\nu}(q)=1\quad\text{and}\quad F_{n+1}^{\nu}(q) = q^{\alpha n-\beta}F_{n}^{\nu}(q)+q^{\gamma n-\delta}F_{n-1}^{\nu}(q)\text{ for }n\geq 1. \] And define the \(q\)-Lucas number \(L_{n}^{\nu}(q)=F_{n+1}^{\nu}(q)+q^{\gamma-\delta}F_{n-1}^{\nu_*}(q)\), where \(\nu_*=(\alpha,\beta-\alpha,\gamma,\delta-\gamma)\). Suppose that \(\alpha=0\) and \(\gamma\) is prime to \(n\), or \(\alpha=\gamma\) is prime to \(n\). We prove that \[ L_{n}^{\nu}(q)\equiv(-1)^{\alpha(n+1)}\pmod{\Phi_n(q)} \] for \(n \geq 3\), where \(\Phi_n(q)\) is the \(n\)-th cyclotomic polynomial. A similar congruence for \(q\)-Pell-Lucas numbers is also established.