Toroidal automorphic forms for function fields (Q1955777)

From the text: ``The space of toroidal automorphic forms was introduced by \textit{D. Zagier} [in: Automorphic forms, representation theory and arithmetic, Pap. Colloq., Bombay 1979, 275--301 (1981; Zbl 0484.10019)]. Let \(F\) be a global field. An automorphic form on \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\) is toroidal if it has vanishing constant Fourier coefficients along all embedded non-split tori. The interest in this space stems from the fact (among others) that an Eisenstein series of weight \(s\) is toroidal if \(s\) is a non-trivial zero of the zeta function, and thus a connection with the Riemann hypothesis is established.'' At the end of his paper, Zagier defines the space of toroidal automorphic forms \({\mathcal A}_{\mathrm{tor}}\) in the function field case, and raises some questions. In the present paper, the author gives answers to these questions. In particular, he shows the following statements. (i) Let the characteristic \(p\) be odd. Then the \((n-1)\)-th derivatives of all Eisenstein series of weight \(s\) and Hecke character \(\chi\) are toroidal if and only if \(L(\chi,s+{1\over 2})\) vanishes in \(s\) to order at least \(n\) (Theorem 8.2); (ii) There are no non-trivial toroidal residues of Eisenstein series (Theorem 7.7); (iii) The space \({\mathcal A}_{\mathrm{tor}}\) is an admissible automorphic representation (Theorem 10.2). In particular, the spectrum of \({\mathcal A}_{\mathrm{tor}}\) is discrete and the space of unramified \(E\)-toroidal automorphic forms is finite-dimensional (where \(E\) is a separable extension of \(F\)); (iv) Every irreducible subquotient of \({\mathcal A}_{\mathrm{tor}}\) is a tempered automorphic representation (Theorem 10.1). In particular, every irreducible subquotient of \({\mathcal A}_{\mathrm{tor}}\) is unitarizable. It was observed by Zagier [loc. cit., pp. 295--296] that unitarizability of the space of toroidal automorphic forms implies the Riemann hypothesis to the setting of global function fields. The author formulated, in Section 9, a sufficient condition on the eigenvalue of a single Hecke operator on unramified toroidal Hecke-eigenforms, which can be verified in examples (see [\textit{G. Cornelissen} and \textit{O. Lorscheid}, J. Number Theory 129, No. 6, 1456--1463 (2009; Zbl 1239.11097) and \textit{O. Lorscheid}, Toroidal automorphic forms for function fields. Utrecht: University of Utrecht (PhD thesis) (2008)]).