Stability of the Blaschke-Santaló and the affine isoperimetric inequality (Q1959449)

The well-known Blaschke-Santaló inequality states that the volume product \(V(K)V(K^z)\leq V(B^n)^2\), where \(K^z\) represents the polar body of a convex body \(K\subset{\mathbb R}^n\) with respect to its Santaló point \(z\), and \(B^n\) is the Euclidean unit ball. Equality holds if and only if \(K\) is an ellipsoid. This inequality is equivalent to the so-called affine isoperimetric inequality, which relates the volume of the convex body \(K\) with its affine surface area \(\Omega(K)\), namely, \(\Omega(K)^{n+1}\leq V(B^n)^2n^{n+1}V(K)^{n-1}\). In this paper stability versions of the two above inequalities are obtained via the Banach-Mazur distance \(\delta_{\text{BM}}\): for \(n\geq 3\) and \(0<\varepsilon<1/2\), if \[ V(K)V(K^z)>(1-\varepsilon)V(B^n)^2\;\text{ or }\; \Omega(K)^{n+1}>(1-\varepsilon)V(B^n)^2n^{n+1}V(K)^{n-1}, \] then \(\delta_{\text{BM}}(K,B^n)<1+\gamma\varepsilon^{1/(6n)}|\log\varepsilon|^{1/6}\), for some constant \(\gamma>0\) depending only on \(n\). The proof is made in two main steps, both interesting on their own. First the problem is reduced to work with centrally symmetric convex bodies with axial rotational symmetry. More precisely it is shown that for any convex body \(K\) with \(\delta_{\text{BM}}(K,B^n)>1+\varepsilon\), there exists a centrally symmetric convex body \(C\) with axial rotational symmetry, resulting from \(K\) as a limit of subsequent Steiner symmetrizations and affine transformations, such that \(\delta_{\text{BM}}(C,B^n)>1+\gamma\varepsilon^2\). Secondly, for these convex sets, a stability version of the characterization of ellipsoids via the central symmetry of each hyperplane section is established.